UNDERSTANDING MVD IN THE CKCS

​MVD stands for Mitral Valve Disease, which is a heart condition characterized by the degeneration of the mitral valve. The mitral valve is responsible for ensuring the flow of blood between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. In dogs affected by MVD, the valve becomes progressively damaged, leading to a back-flow of blood and causing various symptoms and complications.

The condition is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, MVD is particularly prevalent in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS). In fact, it is one of the most common health issues affecting this breed. The high prevalence of MVD in CKCS is primarily attributed to genetic factors but unfortunately a gene has not been identified through genetic testing leaving breeders unable to determine with certainty if a breeding dog may later be impacted by the disease. There have been efforts to identify specific genes associated with MVD in CKCS and develop genetic tests to aid in breeding practices and reducing the incidence of the disease but to date they have been unsuccessful. 

Due to the increased susceptibility of CKCS to MVD, it is important for owners and breeders to be aware of the condition and take steps to manage and mitigate its impact. Regular veterinary check-ups, including cardiac examinations and diagnostic tests, can help detect MVD early and initiate appropriate treatment and management strategies. Breeding programs aimed at reducing the prevalence of MVD in CKCS typically involve careful selection of breeding pairs based on their genetic health and the presence of MVD in their lineage. Regular heart testing through the OFA is a must for all Cavaliers!

Once you've chosen a puppy from a responsible breeder, it's important that you take all precautions to eliminate possible environmental causes that have been linked to MVD as well. Those include: 

While the primary cause of Mitral Valve Disease (MVD) in dogs, including Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, is considered to be genetic, there are certain environmental factors that can potentially increase the risk or progression of the disease. These factors are not known to directly cause MVD, but they can contribute to its development or exacerbate existing conditions. Some possible environmental factors include:

1. Diet and excess weight - Poor nutrition and obesity have been suggested as potential risk factors for MVD. A balanced diet and maintaining a healthy weight can help support overall cardiovascular health.

3. Exercise and physical activity: Lack of exercise and leading a sedentary lifestyle may contribute to the development or progression of heart disease, including MVD. Regular exercise, appropriate for the dog's age and health condition, can help promote cardiovascular fitness.

4. Second-hand smoke: Exposure to second-hand smoke has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in dogs. Avoiding exposure to smoke and maintaining a smoke-free environment can be beneficial for the overall health of dogs.

5. Stress: Chronic stress can potentially affect cardiovascular health. Dogs that experience prolonged periods of stress may be at a higher risk of developing or worsening MVD. Providing a low-stress environment and appropriate mental stimulation for dogs can help reduce stress levels.

It is important to note that the influence of these environmental factors on MVD is not fully understood, and more research is needed to determine their precise roles in the development and progression of the disease. However, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including proper nutrition, regular exercise, and minimizing exposure to potential risks, is generally beneficial for overall heart health in dogs.

​If you suspect that your dog may be suffering from any heart condition, it is crucial to consult with a veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment options.

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